Education

Materials and technologies

Discover the world of saunas and wellness. Our dictionary will help you understand all the important terms and concepts related to sauna use.

AISI 304 (Stainless Steel)

AISI 304 is an austenitic stainless steel containing roughly 18% chromium and 8% nickel, and it is among the most widely used stainless grades in manufacturing. The chromium forms a thin passive oxide layer on the surface that protects the material from oxidation and re-forms by itself after scratching. In wellness construction, AISI 304 is […]

Bioclimatic Louvres (Rotating)

Bioclimatic louvres are a pergola roof system made up of aluminium profiles that rotate under motor control through a range of 0° to 140°. Unlike a fixed roof, the angle of the louvres changes during use, so the same space serves at one moment as an open terrace and at another as an enclosed shelter. […]

ZIP Screen (Reflexol)

ZIP Screen, often also referred to as Reflexol, is an outdoor shading system that guides the fabric along side aluminium tracks using a zip mechanism. The fabric is firmly held in the profile at both edges, which provides high wind resistance and precise, wave-free tensioning. The system is installed on pergolas, conservatories, terraces or large […]

Gelcoat Surface Finish

Gelcoat is a protective and aesthetic surface layer applied to composite materials, particularly the fibreglass structures of hot tubs, pools and cooling tubs. It is a special polymer resin applied as the first layer in the mould, before the fibreglass reinforcement is applied. Once cured, it forms a smooth, non-porous and durable surface that is […]

Filter Balls / Polysphere

Filter Balls, also known as Polysphere, are a modern filter medium made from high-density synthetic polymer fibres with a fine microstructure. They are used as a replacement for traditional silica sand in the filtration systems of hot tubs, pools and cooling tubs. They work on the principle of mechanical filtration, where the fibrous structure traps […]

Ofuro (Japanese Bath)

Ofuro is a traditional Japanese bathing barrel or deep tub intended for calm immersion of the body in hot water, primarily for relaxation and recovery rather than washing. Unlike a standard bathtub, ofuro is deeper and shorter, allowing an upright seated position with the body fully immersed up to the shoulders. It is traditionally made […]

Hydrotherapy (Water Therapy)

Hydrotherapy is a therapeutic method that uses water, its temperature, pressure, and movement to support the body’s recovery and release muscle tension. In hot tubs and wellness systems, it is delivered through a combination of heated water and massage jets that create targeted streams of water and air. These streams stimulate the muscles, improve blood […]

Chromotherapy (LED Lighting)

Chromotherapy is a technology that uses coloured LED lighting to influence the user’s psychological and physiological state during wellness procedures. In hot tubs, saunas, and cooling tubs, LED lights are integrated directly into the structure, most often below the waterline or within the cabin interior. Modern systems use energy-efficient RGB LED diodes that allow colour, […]

Acrylic (PMMA – Polymethyl Methacrylate)

Acrylic is a synthetic polymer known as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), used as the primary surface material for the shell of hot tubs, tubs and wellness equipment. It is a solid, non-porous and UV-stable plastic that can be thermoformed into ergonomic shapes. In hot tub construction, it forms the outer layer that is in direct contact […]

Fibreglass Reinforcement (Fiberglass)

Fibreglass reinforcement, also referred to as a fiberglass backing layer, is a structural layer of glass fibres and resin applied to the back of the acrylic shell of a hot tub or tub. Its main function is to reinforce the acrylic surface and ensure the mechanical strength of the entire structure. Glass fibres have high […]

UV-C Sterilisation

UV-C sterilisation is a physical water disinfection method using ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of approximately 254 nm. Water in a sauna, hot tub, or cooling tub flows through a sealed chamber containing a quartz sleeve housing a UV-C lamp. The radiation disrupts the DNA and RNA of microorganisms, preventing further reproduction. It is neither […]

Abachi (African Willow)

Abachi is an exotic tropical wood originating from West and Central Africa, most commonly from the tree species Triplochiton scleroxylon. In saunas, it is used mainly for benches, backrests, headrests and other contact elements of the interior. It is characterised by very low density and minimal thermal conductivity, which means it does not overheat even […]

Marine Grade Vinyl

Marine Grade Vinyl is a specially engineered synthetic material designed for extremely humid, sun-exposed and mechanically demanding environments, originally developed for the marine industry. It is a multi-layer, PVC-based material with protective additives against UV radiation, mould and water. In the wellness sector, it is used mainly for hot tub covers, thermal insulation covers, headrests […]

Ozone Generator (O3 Generator)

An ozone generator produces ozone (O₃) from ambient air using corona discharge or UV radiation technology. In hot tubs, cooling tubs, and small pools, ozone injected through a Venturi injector dissolves in the water, where it acts as a strong oxidising agent. Ozone reacts with bacteria, viruses, moulds, and organic contaminants, breaking them down chemically. […]

Integrated Sauna Heater

An integrated heater is a sauna heater built directly into the sauna structure, most often beneath a bench, behind a protective panel, or into a wall. Unlike traditional freestanding heaters, it is not a dominant visual element but is architecturally integrated into the interior. The heater works on the same principle: electric heating elements heat […]